“before he” 作为时刻状语从句的引导结构,其后续的动词形式需根据主句的时态和语境确定。下面内容是具体用法分类及示例:
一、连词用法(引导时刻状语从句)
-
主句为将来时
- 制度:从句用一般现在时表示将来动作。
- 示例:
- I will call you before he arrives.(他到达前我会联系你。)
- She will finish the report before he starts the meeting.(会议开始前她会完成报告。)
-
主句为过去时
- 制度:从句用一般过去时,强调动作先后顺序。
- 示例:
- He left before he came to the station.(他到车站前已经离开。)
- She had prepared dinner before he returned home.(他回家前她已准备好晚餐。)
-
主句为现在完成时
- 制度:从句用过去时,表示过去某一时刻点前的动作。
- 示例:
- I have never met him before he moved here.(他搬来前我从未见过他。)
二、介词用法(接动名词)
当主从句主语一致时,可省略主语并将动词转为动名词(V-ing)形式:
- 制度:before + doing sth.
- 示例:
- [Before leaving], he checked the door twice(= Before he left…).(离开前他检查了两次门。)
- [Before applying], read the instructions carefully(= Before you apply…).(申请前仔细阅读说明。)
三、独特句型与时态搭配
-
“It be + 时刻段 + before…”
- 用法:表示“过了多久才发生某事”。
- 示例:
- It was three hours before he woke up.(过了三小时他才醒来。)
- It won’t be long before he realizes the truth.(不久后他就会觉悟到真相。)
-
“Hardly/Scarcely…before…”
- 用法:表示“刚……就……”,主句用过去完成时,从句用一般过去时。
- 示例:
- Hardly had she entered before he stood up.(她刚进来,他就站了起来。)
四、易错点与注意事项
- 时态一致性:避免主从句时态冲突,如主句将来时搭配从句将来时(错误:before he will come)。
- 主语省略条件:仅当主从句主语一致时,可省略从句主语并使用动名词(如:Before leaving…)。
- 介词与连词区分:
- 介词结构:before + 名词/动名词(如:before his arrival / before arriving)。
- 连词结构:before + 完整从句(如:before he arrived)。
“before he” 后接的动词形式需根据主句时态和语境选择,核心规则是保持时态逻辑一致,并在主从句主语一致时灵活转换动名词结构。